Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with natural and human-made disasters in the World Mental Health Surveys.
Por:
Bromet EJ, Atwoli L, Kawakami N, Navarro-Mateu F, Piotrowski P, King AJ, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Bunting B, Demyttenaere K, Florescu S, de Girolamo G, Gluzman S, Haro JM, de Jonge P, Karam EG, Lee S, Kovess-Masfety V, Medina-Mora ME, Mneimneh Z, Pennell BE, Posada-Villa J, Salmerón D, Takeshima T and Kessler RC
Publicada:
1 ene 2017
Ahead of Print:
30 ago 2016
Resumen:
BACKGROUND: Research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following natural and human-made disasters has been undertaken for more than three decades. Although PTSD prevalence estimates vary widely, most are in the 20-40% range in disaster-focused studies but considerably lower (3-5%) in the few general population epidemiological surveys that evaluated disaster-related PTSD as part of a broader clinical assessment. The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys provide an opportunity to examine disaster-related PTSD in representative general population surveys across a much wider range of sites than in previous studies. METHOD: Although disaster-related PTSD was evaluated in 18 WMH surveys, only six in high-income countries had enough respondents for a risk factor analysis. Predictors considered were socio-demographics, disaster characteristics, and pre-disaster vulnerability factors (childhood family adversities, prior traumatic experiences, and prior mental disorders). RESULTS: Disaster-related PTSD prevalence was 0.0-3.8% among adult (ages 18+) WMH respondents and was significantly related to high education, serious injury or death of someone close, forced displacement from home, and pre-existing vulnerabilities (prior childhood family adversities, other traumas, and mental disorders). Of PTSD cases 44.5% were among the 5% of respondents classified by the model as having highest PTSD risk. CONCLUSION: Disaster-related PTSD is uncommon in high-income WMH countries. Risk factors are consistent with prior research: severity of exposure, history of prior stress exposure, and pre-existing mental disorders. The high concentration of PTSD among respondents with high predicted risk in our model supports the focus of screening assessments that identify disaster survivors most in need of preventive interventions.
Filiaciones:
Bromet EJ:
Department of Psychiatry,Stony Brook University School of Medicine,Stony Brook, NY,USA
Atwoli L:
Department of Mental Health,Moi University School of Medicine,Eldoret,Kenya
Kawakami N:
Department of Mental Health,School of Public Health,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
Navarro-Mateu F:
Subdirección General de Salud Mental, Servicio Murciano de Salud, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP),Murcia,Spain
Piotrowski P:
Department of Psychiatry,Wroclaw Medical University,Wroclaw,Poland
King AJ:
Department of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston, MA,USA
Aguilar-Gaxiola S:
University of California Davis School of Medicine,Sacramento, CA,USA
Alonso J:
IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute,Parc de Salut Mar,Barcelona,Spain
Bunting B:
School of Psychology, University of Ulster,Londonderry,UK
Demyttenaere K:
Department of Psychiatry,University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
Florescu S:
National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development,Bucharest,Romania
de Girolamo G:
IRCCS St. John of God Clinical Research Centre,Brescia,Italy
Gluzman S:
Ukrainian Psychiatric Association,Kiev,Ukraine
Haro JM:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
de Jonge P:
Department of Psychiatry,Interdisciplinary Center, Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
Karam EG:
Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine,Balamand University,Beirut,Lebanon
Lee S:
Department of Psychiatry,Chinese University of Hong Kong,Tai Po,Hong Kong
Kovess-Masfety V:
Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University,Paris,France
Medina-Mora ME:
Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry,Mexico City,Mexico
Mneimneh Z:
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan,Ann Arbor, MI,USA
Pennell BE:
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan,Ann Arbor, MI,USA
Posada-Villa J:
Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca University,Bogota,Colombia
Salmerón D:
Department of Epidemiology,Department of Health and Social Sciences,Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universidad de Murcia,Murcia,Spain
Takeshima T:
Department of Health and Welfare for the Disabled,Health and Welfare Bureau,Kawasaki City,Japan
Kessler RC:
Department of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston, MA,USA
Open Access
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