Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
Por:
Khalil I, Colombara DV, Forouzanfar MH, Troeger C, Daoud F, Moradi-Lakeh M, Bcheraoui CE, Rao PC, Afshin A, Charara R, Abate KH, Razek MM, Abd-Allah F, Abu-Elyazeed R, Kiadaliri AA, Akanda AS, Akseer N, Alam K, Alasfoor D, Ali R, AlMazroa MA, Alomari MA, Al-Raddadi RM, Alsharif U, Alsowaidi S, Altirkawi KA, Alvis-Guzman N, Ammar W, Antonio CA, Asayesh H, Asghar RJ, Atique S, Awasthi A, Bacha U, Badawi A, Barac A, Bedi N, Bekele T, Bensenor IM, Betsu BD, Bhutta Z, Abdulhak AA, Butt ZA, Danawi H, Dubey M, Endries AY, Faghmous ID, Farid T, Farvid MS, Farzadfar F, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fischer F, Fitchett JR, Gibney KB, Ginawi IA, Gishu MD, Gugnani HC, Gupta R, Hailu GB, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Harb HL, Hedayati MT, Hsairi M, Husseini A, Jahanmehr N, Javanbakht M, Jibat T, Jonas JB, Kasaeian A, Khader YS, Khan AR, Khan EA, Khan G, Khoja TA, Kinfu Y, Kissoon N, Koyanagi A, Lal A, Latif AA, Lunevicius R, Razek HM, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Mehari A, Mekonnen AB, Melaku YA, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Misganaw A, Mohamed LA, Nachega JB, Nguyen QL, Nisar MI, Peprah EK, Platts-Mills JA, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Rafay A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman SU, Rai RK, Rana SM, Ranabhat CL, Rao SR, Refaat AH, Riddle M, Roshandel G, Ruhago GM, Saleh MM, Sanabria JR, Sawhney M, Sepanlou SG, Setegn T, Sliwa K, Sreeramareddy CT, Sykes BL, Tavakkoli M, Tedla BA, Terkawi AS, Ukwaja K, Uthman OA, Westerman R, Wubshet M, Yenesew MA, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Zaidi Z, Zaki ME, Rabeeah AA, Wang H, Naghavi M, Vos T, Lopez AD, Murray CJ and Mokdad AH
Publicada:
7 dic 2016
Resumen:
Diarrheal diseases (DD) are leading causes of disease burden, death, and disability, especially in children in low-income settings. DD can also impact a child's potential livelihood through stunted physical growth, cognitive impairment, and other sequelae. As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated DD burden, and the burden attributable to specific risk factors and particular etiologies, in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 1990 and 2013. For both sexes and all ages, we calculated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which are the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability. We estimate that over 125,000 deaths (3.6% of total deaths) were due to DD in the EMR in 2013, with a greater burden of DD in low- and middle-income countries. Diarrhea deaths per 100,000 children under 5 years of age ranged from one (95% uncertainty interval [UI] = 0-1) in Bahrain and Oman to 471 (95% UI = 245-763) in Somalia. The pattern for diarrhea DALYs among those under 5 years of age closely followed that for diarrheal deaths. DALYs per 100,000 ranged from 739 (95% UI = 520-989) in Syria to 40,869 (95% UI = 21,540-65,823) in Somalia. Our results highlighted a highly inequitable burden of DD in EMR, mainly driven by the lack of access to proper resources such as water and sanitation. Our findings will guide preventive and treatment interventions which are based on evidence and which follow the ultimate goal of reducing the DD burden.
Filiaciones:
Khalil I:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Colombara DV:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Forouzanfar MH:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Troeger C:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Daoud F:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Moradi-Lakeh M:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Department of Community Medicine, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Bcheraoui CE:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Rao PC:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Afshin A:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Charara R:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Abate KH:
Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Razek MM:
Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan, Egypt
Abd-Allah F:
Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Abu-Elyazeed R:
GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Kiadaliri AA:
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Akanda AS:
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
Akseer N:
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Alam K:
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Alasfoor D:
Ministry of Health, Al Khuwair, Oman
Ali R:
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
AlMazroa MA:
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Alomari MA:
Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Al-Raddadi RM:
Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Alsharif U:
Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
Alsowaidi S:
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
Altirkawi KA:
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Alvis-Guzman N:
Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Ammar W:
Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
Antonio CA:
Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
Asayesh H:
Department of Medical Emergency, School of Paramedic, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
Asghar RJ:
South Asian Public Health Forum, Islamabad, Pakistan
Atique S:
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
Awasthi A:
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
Bacha U:
School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Badawi A:
Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Canada
Barac A:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Bedi N:
College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Bekele T:
Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia
Bensenor IM:
University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Betsu BD:
Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Bhutta Z:
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Medical Center, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Abdulhak AA:
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
Butt ZA:
Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Danawi H:
Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Dubey M:
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
Endries AY:
Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Faghmous ID:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Farid T:
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
Farvid MS:
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
Institute for Health Policy, Boston, Massachusetts
Farzadfar F:
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fereshtehnejad SM:
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Fischer F:
Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
Fitchett JR:
Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
Gibney KB:
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia
Ginawi IA:
College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
Gishu MD:
Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Harar, Ethiopia
Gugnani HC:
Department of Microbiology, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies
Gupta R:
West Virginia Bureau for Public Health, Charleston, West Virginia
Hailu GB:
Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Kilte Awlaelo Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Ethiopia
Hamadeh RR:
Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
Hamidi S:
Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Harb HL:
Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
Hedayati MT:
Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Hsairi M:
Department of Epidemiology, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
Husseini A:
Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
Jahanmehr N:
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Javanbakht M:
University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Jibat T:
Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
Jonas JB:
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
Kasaeian A:
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Khader YS:
Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Khan AR:
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
Khan EA:
Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
Khan G:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Khoja TA:
Executive Board of the Health Ministers' Council for Cooperation Council States, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Kinfu Y:
Centre for Research and Action in Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
Kissoon N:
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Koyanagi A:
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
Lal A:
Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Latif AA:
Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Lunevicius R:
Aintree University Hospital, National Health Service Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Razek HM:
Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
Majeed A:
Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Malekzadeh R:
Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehari A:
Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
Mekonnen AB:
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Melaku YA:
School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Memish ZA:
Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Mendoza W:
United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru
Misganaw A:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Mohamed LA:
Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
Nachega JB:
University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
Nguyen QL:
Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
Nisar MI:
Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Peprah EK:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Platts-Mills JA:
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Pourmalek F:
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Qorbani M:
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
Rafay A:
Contech International Health Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan
Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
Rahimi-Movaghar V:
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Rahman SU:
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
Rai RK:
Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India
Rana SM:
Contech International Health Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan
Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
Ranabhat CL:
Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
Rao SR:
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
Refaat AH:
Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Riddle M:
Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland
Roshandel G:
Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Ruhago GM:
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Saleh MM:
Development Research and Projects Center, Abuja, Nigeria
Sanabria JR:
Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
Sawhney M:
Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia
Sepanlou SG:
Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Setegn T:
Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Sliwa K:
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Sreeramareddy CT:
Department of Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Sykes BL:
Departments of Criminology, Law and Society, Sociology, and Public Health, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California
Tavakkoli M:
Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York
Tedla BA:
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
Terkawi AS:
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Department of Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ukwaja K:
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Uthman OA:
Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
Westerman R:
Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
German National Cohort Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
Wubshet M:
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Yenesew MA:
Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Yonemoto N:
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Younis MZ:
Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
Zaidi Z:
University Hospital, Setif, Algeria
Zaki ME:
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Rabeeah AA:
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Wang H:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Naghavi M:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Vos T:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Lopez AD:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Murray CJ:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Mokdad AH:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Green Published, hybrid, Green Accepted
|