Association of experienced and evaluative well-being with health in nine countries with different income levels: a cross-sectional study.
Por:
Maria Miret, Caballero FF, Olaya B, Koskinen S, Naidoo N, Tobiasz-Adamczyk B, Leonardi M, Haro JM, Chatterji S and Ayuso-Mateos JL
Publicada:
23 ago 2017
Ahead of Print:
23 ago 2017
Resumen:
BACKGROUND: It is important to know whether the relationships between experienced and evaluative well-being and health are consistent across countries with different income levels. This would allow to confirm whether the evidence found in high income countries is the same as in low- and middle-income countries and to suggest policy recommendations that are generalisable across countries. We assessed the association of well-being with health status; analysed the differential relationship that positive affect, negative affect, and evaluative well-being have with health status; and examined whether these relationships are similar across countries. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, interviews were conducted amongst 53,269 adults from nine countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Evaluative well-being was measured with a short version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Quality of Life instrument, and experienced well-being was measured with the Day Reconstruction Method. Decrements in health were assessed with the 12-item version of WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Block-wise linear regression and structural equation models were employed. RESULTS: Considering the overall sample, evaluative well-being was more strongly associated with health (ß = -0.35) than experienced well-being (ß = -0.14), and negative affect was more strongly associated with health (ß = 0.10) than positive affect (ß = -0.02). The relationship between health and well-being was similar across countries. Lower scores in evaluative well-being and a higher age were the factors more strongly related with a worse health. CONCLUSIONS: The different patterns observed across countries may be related to differences in the countries' gross domestic product, social protection system, economic situation, health care provision, lifestyle behaviours, or living conditions. The fact that evaluative well-being is more predictive of health than experienced well-being suggests that our level of satisfaction with our lives might be more important for our health than the actual emotions than we experience in our day-to-day lives and points out the need of interventions that improve the way people evaluate their lives.
Filiaciones:
Maria Miret:
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.
Caballero FF:
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
Olaya B:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Koskinen S:
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
Naidoo N:
Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Tobiasz-Adamczyk B:
Department of Medical Sociology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Leonardi M:
Fondazione IRCCS, Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
Haro JM:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Chatterji S:
Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Ayuso-Mateos JL:
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
Open Access
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