Reversible Axonal Dystrophy by Calcium Modulation in Frataxin-Deficient Sensory Neurons of YG8R Mice
Por:
Mollá B, Muñoz-Lasso DC, Riveiro F, Bolinches-Amorós A, Pallardó FV, Fernandez-Vilata A, de la Iglesia-Vaya M, Palau F and Gonzalez-Cabo P
Publicada:
30 ago 2017
Ahead of Print:
30 ago 2017
Resumen:
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a peripheral neuropathy involving a loss of proprioceptive sensory neurons. Studies of biopsies from patients suggest that axonal dysfunction precedes the death of proprioceptive neurons in a dying-back process. We observed that the deficiency of frataxin in sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the YG8R mouse model causes the formation of axonal spheroids which retain dysfunctional mitochondria, shows alterations in the cytoskeleton and it produces impairment of axonal transport and autophagic flux. The homogenous distribution of axonal spheroids along the neurites supports the existence of continues focal damages. This lead us to propose for FRDA a model of distal axonopathy based on axonal focal damages. In addition, we observed the involvement of oxidative stress and dyshomeostasis of calcium in axonal spheroid formation generating axonal injury as a primary cause of pathophysiology. Axonal spheroids may be a consequence of calcium imbalance, thus we propose the quenching or removal extracellular Ca2+ to prevent spheroids formation. In our neuronal model, treatments with BAPTA and o-phenanthroline reverted the axonal dystrophy and the mitochondrial dysmorphic parameters. These results support the hypothesis that axonal pathology is reversible in FRDA by pharmacological manipulation of intracellular Ca2+ with Ca2+ chelators or metalloprotease inhibitors, preventing Ca2+ -mediated axonal injury. Thus, the modulation of Ca2+ levels may be a relevant therapeutic target to develop early axonal protection and prevent dying-back neurodegeneration.
Filiaciones:
Mollá B:
Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV), CSICValencia, Spain
Muñoz-Lasso DC:
VEDAS Corporación de Investigación e Innovación, VEDASCIIMedellín, Colombia
Riveiro F:
Fundacion Publica Galega de Medicina Xenomica (FPGMX)-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenomica, Hospital Clínico UniversitarioSantiago de Compostela, Spain
Bolinches-Amorós A:
Cell Therapy Program, Prince Felipe Research Centre (CIPF)Valencia, Spain
Pallardó FV:
Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPFValencia, Spain
Fernandez-Vilata A:
Regional Ministry of Health in Valencia, Hospital Sagunto (CEIB-CSUSP)Valencia, Spain
de la Iglesia-Vaya M:
CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)Valencia, Spain
Palau F:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Barcelona School of MedicineBarcelona, Spain
Gonzalez-Cabo P:
Associated Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPFValencia, Spain
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