Consumption of Fish and ?-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.
Por:
Lee KH, Seong HJ, Kim G, Jeong GH, Kim JY, Park H, Jung E, Kronbichler A, Eisenhut M, Stubbs B, Solmi M, Koyanagi A, Hong SH, Dragioti E, de Rezende LFM, Jacob L, Keum N, van der Vliet HJ, Cho E, Veronese N, Grosso G, Ogino S, Song M, Radua J, Jung SJ, Thompson T, Jackson SE, Smith L, Yang L, Hans Oh, Choi EK, Shin JI, Giovannucci EL and Gamerith G
Publicada:
1 sep 2020
Ahead of Print:
3 jun 2020
Resumen:
Multiple studies have suggested that ?-3 fatty acid intake may have a protective effect on cancer risk; however, its true association with cancer risk remains controversial. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the association between ?-3 fatty acid intake and cancer outcomes. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to December 1, 2018. We included meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between intake of fish or ?-3 fatty acid and cancer risk (gastrointestinal, liver, breast, gynecologic, prostate, brain, lung, and skin) and determined the level of evidence of associations. In addition, we appraised the quality of the evidence of significant meta-analyses by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We initially screened 598 articles, and 15 articles, including 57 meta-analyses, were eligible. Among 57 meta-analyses, 15 reported statistically significant results. We found that 12 meta-analyses showed weak evidence of an association between ?-3 fatty acid intake and risk of the following types of cancer: liver cancer (n = 4 of 6), breast cancer (n = 3 of 14), prostate cancer (n = 3 of 11), and brain tumor (n = 2 of 2). In the other 3 meta-analyses, studies of endometrial cancer and skin cancer, there were no assessable data for determining the evidence levels. No meta-analysis showed convincing, highly suggestive, or suggestive evidence of an association. In the sensitivity analysis of meta-analyses by study design, we found weak associations between ?-3 fatty acid intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies, but no statistically significant association in case-control studies. However, the opposite results were found in case of brain tumor risk. Although ?-3 fatty acids have been studied in several meta-analyses with regard to a wide range of cancer outcomes, only weak associations were identified in some cancer types, with several limitations. Considering the nonsignificant or weak evidence level, clinicians and researchers should cautiously interpret reported associations between ?-3 fatty acid consumption and cancer risks.
Filiaciones:
Lee KH:
Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Seong HJ:
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Kim G:
Keimyung University College of Nursing, Daegu, Republic of Korea
Jeong GH:
College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
Kim JY:
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Park H:
Yonsei University Graduate School, Department of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Jung E:
Yonsei University Graduate School, Department of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Kronbichler A:
Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Eisenhut M:
Department of Pediatrics, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Luton, United Kingdom
Stubbs B:
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
Solmi M:
Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Koyanagi A:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
Hong SH:
Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Dragioti E:
Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
de Rezende LFM:
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Jacob L:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
Keum N:
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
van der Vliet HJ:
Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Cho E:
Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Veronese N:
National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
Grosso G:
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Ogino S:
Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
Song M:
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Radua J:
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Jung SJ:
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Thompson T:
Department of Psychology, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
Jackson SE:
Department of Behavioral Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Smith L:
The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
Yang L:
Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Hans Oh:
School of Social Work, University of Southern California, CA, USA
Choi EK:
Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Shin JI:
Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Giovannucci EL:
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Gamerith G:
Internal Medicine V, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Green Accepted, Green Published, Bronze
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