Hydrothermal processing of 3D-printed calcium phosphate scaffolds enhances bone formation in vivo: a comparison with biomimetic treatment.
Por:
Raymond-Llorens Y, Bonany-Mariñosa M, Lehmann C, Thorel E, Benítez R, Franch J, Español-Pons M, Solé-Martí X, Manzanares MC, Canal-Barnils C and Ginebra MP
Publicada:
1 nov 2021
Ahead of Print:
5 sep 2021
Resumen:
Hydrothermal (H) processes accelerate the hydrolysis reaction of a-tricalcium phosphate (a-TCP) compared to the long-established biomimetic (B) treatments. They are of special interest for patient-specific 3D-printed bone graft substitutes, where the manufacturing time represents a critical constraint. Altering the reaction conditions has implications for the physicochemical properties of the reaction product. However, the impact of the changes produced by the hydrothermal reaction on the in vivo performance was hitherto unknown. The present study compares the bone regeneration potential of 3D-printed a-TCP scaffolds hardened using these two treatments in rabbit condyle monocortical defects. Although both consolidation processes resulted in biocompatible scaffolds with osseointegrative and osteoconductive properties, the amount of newly formed bone increased by one third in the hydrothermal vs the biomimetic samples. B and H scaffolds consisted mostly of high specific surface area calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (38 and 27 m(2) g(-1), respectively), with H samples containing also 10 wt.% ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP). The shrinkage produced during the consolidation process was shown to be very small in both cases, below 3%, and smaller for H than for B samples. The differences in the in vivo performance were mainly attributed to the distinct crystallisation nanostructures, which proved to have a major impact on permeability and protein adsorption capacity, using BSA as a model protein, with B samples being highly impermeable. Given the crucial role that soluble proteins play in osteogenesis, this is proposed to be a relevant factor behind the distinct in vivo performances observed for the two materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The possibility to accelerate the consolidation of self-setting calcium phosphate inks through hydrothermal treatments has aroused great interest due to the associated advantages for the development of 3D-printed personalised bone scaffolds. Understanding the implications of this approach on the in vivo performance of the scaffolds is of paramount importance. This study compares, for the first time, this treatment to the long-established biomimetic setting strategy in terms of osteogenic potential in vivo in a rabbit model, and relates the results obtained to the physicochemical properties of the 3D-printed scaffolds (composition, crystallinity, nanostructure, nanoporosity) and their interaction with soluble proteins.
Filiaciones:
Raymond-Llorens Y:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Mimetis Biomaterials S.L., Carrer de Cartagena, 245, 3F, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
Bonany-Mariñosa M:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Lehmann C:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Thorel E:
Mimetis Biomaterials S.L., Carrer de Cartagena, 245, 3F, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
Benítez R:
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 39-57, 08950 Esplugues del Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
Franch J:
Bone Healing Group, Small Animal Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
Español-Pons M:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Solé-Martí X:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Manzanares MC:
Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
Canal-Barnils C:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Ginebra MP:
Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), EEBE, Av. Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10- 12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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