Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report.
Por:
Kazdin AE, Wu CS, Hwang I, Puac-Polanco V, Sampson NA, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Andrade LH, Benjet C, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, de Girolamo G, de Jonge P, Florescu S, Gureje O, Haro JM, Harris MG, Karam EG, Karam G, Kovess-Masfety V, Lee S, McGrath JJ, Navarro-Mateu F, Nishi D, Oladeji BD, Posada-Villa J, Stein DJ, Üstün TB, Vigo DV, Zarkov Z, Zaslavsky AM and Kessler RC
Publicada:
1 mar 2023
Ahead of Print:
23 sep 2021
Resumen:
BACKGROUND: The most common treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) is antidepressant medication (ADM). Results are reported on frequency of ADM use, reasons for use, and perceived effectiveness of use in general population surveys across 20 countries. METHODS: Face-to-face interviews with community samples totaling n = 49 919 respondents in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys asked about ADM use anytime in the prior 12 months in conjunction with validated fully structured diagnostic interviews. Treatment questions were administered independently of diagnoses and asked of all respondents. RESULTS: 3.1% of respondents reported ADM use within the past 12 months. In high-income countries (HICs), depression (49.2%) and anxiety (36.4%) were the most common reasons for use. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), depression (38.4%) and sleep problems (31.9%) were the most common reasons for use. Prevalence of use was 2-4 times as high in HICs as LMICs across all examined diagnoses. Newer ADMs were proportionally used more often in HICs than LMICs. Across all conditions, ADMs were reported as very effective by 58.8% of users and somewhat effective by an additional 28.3% of users, with both proportions higher in LMICs than HICs. Neither ADM class nor reason for use was a significant predictor of perceived effectiveness. CONCLUSION: ADMs are in widespread use and for a variety of conditions including but going beyond depression and anxiety. In a general population sample from multiple LMICs and HICs, ADMs were widely perceived to be either very or somewhat effective by the people who use them.
Filiaciones:
Kazdin AE:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Wu CS:
Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Hwang I:
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Puac-Polanco V:
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Sampson NA:
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Al-Hamzawi A:
College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwaniya governorate, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
Alonso J:
Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
Andrade LH:
Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiátrica - LIM 23, Instituto de Psiquiatria Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Benjet C:
Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
Caldas-de-Almeida JM:
Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
de Girolamo G:
IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
de Jonge P:
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Florescu S:
National School of Public Health, Management and Development, Bucharest, Romania
Gureje O:
Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Haro JM:
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Harris MG:
School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol QLD 4072, Australia
Karam EG:
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
Karam G:
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
Kovess-Masfety V:
Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
Lee S:
Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
McGrath JJ:
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol QLD 4072, Australia
Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4065, Australia
National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus V 8000, Denmark
Navarro-Mateu F:
UDIF-SM, Servicio Murciano de Salud
IMIB-Arrixaca
CIBERESP-Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain
Nishi D:
Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
Oladeji BD:
Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Posada-Villa J:
Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Bogota, Colombia
Stein DJ:
Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health and South African Medical Council Research Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Üstün TB:
Department of Psychiatry, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
Vigo DV:
Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Zarkov Z:
Department of Mental Health, National Center of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
Zaslavsky AM:
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Kessler RC:
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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