Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Por:
Ledesma, Jorge R., Ma, Jianing, Vongpradith, Avina, Maddison, Emilie R., Novotney, Amanda, Biehl, Molly H., LeGrand, Kate E., Ross, Jennifer M., Jahagirdar, Deepa, Bryazka, Dana, Feldman, Rachel, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Rashid, Tarik Ahmed, Salih, Yusra Ahmed, Aklilu, Addis, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alemayehu, Yosef, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L., Anderson, Jason A., Androudi, Sofia, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Antony, Catherine M., Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arja, Asrat, Asemahagn, Mulusew A., Atre, Sachin R., Azhar, Gulrez Shah, Darshan, B. B., Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Sanjay, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharjee, V, Natalia, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Boloor, Archith, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Buonsenso, Danilo, Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina, Butt, Zahid A., Carter, Austin, Carvalho, Felix, Charan, Jaykaran, Chatterjee, Souranshu, Chattu, Soosanna Kumary, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Chu, Dinh-Toi, Claassens, Mareli M., Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Amare Belachew, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Linh Phuong Doan, Eftekharzadeh, Sahar, Elhadi, Muhammed, Emami, Amir, Enany, Shymaa, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Frank, Tahvi D., Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Garcia-Calavaro, Christian, Garg, Tushar, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goodridge, Amador, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Haque, Shafiul, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Hasaballah, I, Ahmed, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jain, Vardhmaan, Javanmardi, Fatemeh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Kabir, Zubair, Kamath, Ashwin, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Katoto, Patrick Dmc, Kayode, Gbenga A., Kendrick, Parkes J., Kerbo, Amene Abebe, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khatab, Khaled, Khoja, Abdullah T., Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane, Koyanagi A, Krishan, Kewal, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kumar, Avinash, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Narinder, Kumar, Nithin, Kwarteng, Alexander, Lak, Hassan Mehmood, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Landires, Ivan, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lin, Christine, Liu, Xuefeng, Lopukhov, Platon D., Lozano, Rafael, Machado, Daiane Borges, Kunjathur, Shilpashree Madhava, Madi, Deepak, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio, Mehta, Saurabh, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Merie, Hayimro Edemealem, Mersha, Amanual Getnet, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mheidly, Nour Mheidly, Misra, Sanjeev, Mithra, Prasanna, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Molokhia, Mariam, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Al Montasir, Ahmed, Moore, Catrin E., Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Suma, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nazari, Javad, Kandel, Sandhya Neupane, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nixon, Molly R., Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, Oancea, Bogdan, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Olagunju, Andrew T., Oren, Eyal, Mahesh, P. A., Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan, Kan, Fatemeh Pashazadeh, Pattanshetty, Sanjay M., Paudel, Rajan, Paul, Pintu, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Yigit, V, Perico, Norberto, Pirestani, Majid, Polibin, V, Roman, Postma, Maarten J., Pourshams, Akram, Prashant, Akila, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rao, Chythra R., Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Reitsma, Marissa B., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Reta, Melese Abate, Rezaei, Nima, Rezahosseini, Omid, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rezapour, Aziz, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roshchin, Denis O., Sabour, Siamak, Saif-Ur-Rahman, K. M., Salam, Nasir, Kafil, Hossein Samadi, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Samy, Abdallah M., Saroshe, Satish, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawyer, Susan M., Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shafaat, Omid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharafi, Kiomars, Shetty, Ranjitha S., Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Silva, Joao Pedro, Singh, Jitendra Kumar, Sinha, Smriti, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Eyayou Girma, Tamir, Zemenu, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tekalegn, Yohannes, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Tessema, Belay, Thapar, Rekha, Tleyjeh, Imad I., Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Bach Xuan Tran, Tsegaye, Berhan, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Ullah, Anayat, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan, Bay Vo, Giang Thu Vu, Waheed, Yasir, Walters, Magdalene K., Whisnant, Joanna L., Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew, Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh, Yazie, Taklo Simeneh Yazie, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yi, Siyan, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zumla, Alimuddin, Mokdad, Ali H., Salomon, Joshua A., Jr, Robert C. Reiner, Lim, Stephen S., Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Hay, I, Simon, Murray, Christopher J. L. and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe
Publicada:
1 feb 2022
Ahead of Print:
1 ene 2022
Categoría:
Infectious diseases
Resumen:
Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of
disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis
on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global
health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex
are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global
burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in
sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.
Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model
(CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration
data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of
sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality
surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among
HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction
approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis
coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was
then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence
surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys,
and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of
incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We
further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is
attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking,
alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-negative individuals. For individuals
with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, we assessed mortality
attributable to HIV risk factors including unsafe sex, intimate partner
violence (only estimated among females), and injection drug use. We
present 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates.
Findings Globally, in 2019, among HIV-negative individuals, there were
1.18 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.08-1.29) deaths due to
tuberculosis and 8.50 million (7.45-9.73) incident cases of
tuberculosis. Among HIV-positive individuals, there were 217 000 (153
000-279 000) deaths due to tuberculosis and 1.15 million (1.01-1.32)
incident cases in 2019. More deaths and incident cases occurred in males
than in females among HIV-negative individuals globally in 2019, with
342 000 (234 000-425 000) more deaths and 1.01 million (0.82-1.23) more
incident cases in males than in females. Among HIV-positive individuals,
6250 (1820-11 400) more deaths and 81 100 (63 300-100 000) more incident
cases occurred among females than among males in 2019. Age-standardised
mortality rates among HIV-negative males were more than two times
greater in 105 countries and age-standardised incidence rates were more
than 1.5 times greater in 74 countries than among HIV-negative females
in 2019. The fraction of global tuberculosis deaths among HIV-negative
individuals attributable to alcohol use, smoking, and diabetes was 4.27
(3.69-5.02), 6.17 (5.48-7.02), and 1.17 (1.07-1.28) times higher,
respectively, among males than among females in 2019. Among individuals
with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection, the fraction of mortality
attributable to injection drug use was 2.23 (2.03-2.44) times greater
among males than females, whereas the fraction due to unsafe sex was
1.06 (1.05-1.08) times greater among females than males. Interpretation
As countries refine national tuberculosis programmes and strategies to
end the tuberculosis epidemic, the excess burden experienced by males is
important.
Interventions are needed to actively communicate, especially to men, the
importance of early diagnosis and treatment. These interventions should
occur in parallel with efforts to minimise excess HIV burden among women
in the highest HIV burden countries that are contributing to excess HIV
and tuberculosis coinfection burden for females. Placing a focus on
tuberculosis burden among HIV-negative males and HIV and tuberculosis
coinfection among females might help to diminish the overall burden of
tuberculosis. This strategy will be crucial in reaching both equity and
burden targets outlined by global health milestones. Copyright (C) 2021
The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Filiaciones:
Ledesma, Jorge R.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Ma, Jianing:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Vongpradith, Avina:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Maddison, Emilie R.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Novotney, Amanda:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Biehl, Molly H.:
World Hlth Org WHO, Div Data Analyt & Delivery Impact, Geneva, Switzerland
LeGrand, Kate E.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Ross, Jennifer M.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Jahagirdar, Deepa:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Bryazka, Dana:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Feldman, Rachel:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Abolhassani, Hassan:
Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Huddinge, Sweden
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran
Abosetugn, Akine Eshete:
Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Debre Brehan, Ethiopia
Abu-Gharbieh, Eman:
Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Adebayo, Oladimeji M.:
Univ Coll Hosp, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah:
Karya Husada Inst Hlth Sci, Dept Midwifery, Kediri, Indonesia
Auckland Univ Technol, Dept Midwifery, Auckland, New Zealand
Afzal, Saira:
King Edward Mem Hosp, Dept Community Med, Lahore, Pakistan
Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan
Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku:
Univ Technol Sydney, Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad:
Fdn Univ Islamabad, Fdn Univ Med Coll, Islamabad, Pakistan
Ahmadi, Sepideh:
Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Adv Technol Med, Tehran, Iran
Rashid, Tarik Ahmed:
Univ Kurdistan Hewler, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Erbil, Iraq
Salih, Yusra Ahmed:
Sulaimani Polytech Univ, Database Technol Dept, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Sulaimani Polytech Univ, Coll Informat, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Aklilu, Addis:
Arba Minch Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet:
Intercountry Ctr Oral Hlth ICOH Africa, Dept Publ Hlth, Jos, Nigeria
Fed Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Garki, Nigeria
Al Hamad, Hanadi:
Hamad Med Corp, Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept, Doha, Qatar
Hamad Med Corp, Rumailah Hosp, Doha, Qatar
Alahdab, Fares:
Mayo Clin Fdn Med Educ & Res, Mayo Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Rochester, MN USA
Alemayehu, Yosef:
Arba Minch Univ, Dept Midwifery, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Alene, Kefyalew Addis:
Curtin Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Perth, WA, Australia
Wesfarmers Ctr Vaccines & Infect Dis, Telethon Kids Inst, Perth, WA, Australia
Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir:
Erbil Polytech Univ, Erbil Tech Hlth Coll, Erbil, Iraq
Tishk Int Univ, Sch Pharm, Erbil, Iraq
Ali, Liaqat:
Natl Univ Med Sci NUMS, Dept Biol Sci, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Alipour, Vahid:
Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Econ, Tehran, Iran
Alizade, Hesam:
Hormozgan Univ Med Sci, Infect & Trop Dis Res Ctr, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.:
King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Community Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson:
Univ Coast, Res Grp Hosp Management & Hlth Policies, Barranquilla, Colombia
Univ Cartagena, Res Grp Hlth Econ, Cartagena, Colombia
Amini, Saeed:
Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Arak, Iran
Amit, Arianna Maever L.:
Ateneo Manila Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Manila, Philippines
Univ Philippines Manila, Coll Med, Manila, Philippines
Anderson, Jason A.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Androudi, Sofia:
Univ Thessaly, Dept Med, Volos, Greece
Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.:
Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines
Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Social Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Antony, Catherine M.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Anwer, Razique:
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Pathol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Arja, Asrat:
Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Natl Data Management Ctr Hlth NDMC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Asemahagn, Mulusew A.:
Bahir Dar Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Atre, Sachin R.:
Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Dr DY Patil Med Coll, Hosp & Res Ctr, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Clin Global Hlth Educ, Baltimore, MD USA
Azhar, Gulrez Shah:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
RAND Corp, Badan Pusat Stat BPS Cent Bur Stat, Santa Monica, CA USA
Darshan, B. B.:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Mangalore, India
Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din:
Univ Huddersfield, Dept Pharm, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England
Baig, Atif Amin:
Sultan Zainal Abidin Univ, Unit Biochem, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Banach, Maciej:
Med Univ Lodz, Dept Hypertens, Lodz, Poland
Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst, Lodz, Poland
Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat:
Univ Sharjah, Clin Sci Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
Barra, Fabio:
Univ Genoa, Acad Unit Obstet & Gynecol, Genoa, Italy
Barrow, Amadou:
Univ Gambia, Dept Publ & Environm Hlth, Brikama, Gambia
Minist Hlth, Epidemiol & Dis Control Unit, Kotu, Gambia
Basu, Sanjay:
Harvard Univ, Ctr Primary Care, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England
Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal:
Krishna Inst Med Sci Deemed Univ, Dept Oral Pathol & Microbiol, Karad, India
Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth:
Charles Univ Prague, Dept Social & Clin Pharm, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
United Arab Emirates Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates
Bhardwaj, Nikha:
Govt Med Coll Pali, Dept Anat, Pali, India
Bhardwaj, Pankaj:
All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med & Family Med, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Bhattacharyya, Krittika:
Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India
Univ Calcutta, Dept Stat, Kolkata, India
Bijani, Ali:
Babol Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Babol, Iran
Bikbov, Boris:
Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Ranica, Italy
Boloor, Archith:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Internal Med, Mangalore, India
Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich:
Polibin, Roman, V, Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia
Buonsenso, Danilo:
Agostino Gemelli Univ Polyclin IRCCS, Dept Woman & Child Hlth & Publ Hlth, Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Global Hlth Res Inst, Rome, Italy
Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina:
Employee State Insurance Post Grad Inst Med Sci &, Dept Community Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Butt, Zahid A.:
Univ Waterloo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Al Shifa Trust Eye Hosp, Al Shifa Sch Publ Hlth, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Carter, Austin:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Carvalho, Felix:
Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal
Charan, Jaykaran:
All India Inst Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Chatterjee, Souranshu:
Medanta Medicity, Dept Microbiol & Infect Control, Gurugram, India
Chattu, Soosanna Kumary:
Texila Amer Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Georgetown, Guyana
Chattu, Vijay Kumar:
Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada
Global Inst Publ Hlth GIPH, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Christopher, Devasahayam J.:
Christian Med Coll & Hosp CMC, Dept Pulm Med, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Chu, Dinh-Toi:
VNU Int Sch, Ctr Biomed & Community Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam
Claassens, Mareli M.:
Univ Namibia, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Windhoek, Namibia
Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Tygerberg, South Africa
Dadras, Omid:
Walailak Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Kyoto, Japan
Dagnew, Amare Belachew:
Bahir Dar Univ, Dept Nursing, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Dai, Xiaochen:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Dandona, Lalit:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India
Dandona, Rakhi:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA
Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz:
Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Esfahan, Iran
Darwesh, Aso Mohammad:
Univ Human Dev, Dept Informat Technol, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Dhamnetiya, Deepak:
Dr Baba Sahib Ambedkar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Delhi, India
Dianatinasab, Mostafa:
Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahroud, Iran
Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Shiraz, Iran
Diaz, Daniel:
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Autonomous Univ Sinaloa, Fac Vet Med & Zootech, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico
Linh Phuong Doan:
Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Da Nang, Vietnam
Duy Tan Univ, Fac Med, Da Nang, Vietnam
Eftekharzadeh, Sahar:
Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Urol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
Elhadi, Muhammed:
Univ Tripoli, Fac Med, Tripoli, Libya
Emami, Amir:
Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Bacteriol & Virol Dept, Shiraz, Iran
Enany, Shymaa:
Suez Canal Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ismailia, Egypt
Faraon, Emerito Jose A.:
Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines
Farzadfar, Farshad:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Fernandes, Eduarda:
Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal
Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro:
Univ Eye Clin, Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy
Filip, Irina:
Kaiser Permanente, Psychiat Dept, Fontana, CA USA
AT Still Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Mesa, AZ USA
Fischer, Florian:
Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany
Foroutan, Masoud:
Abadan Fac Med Sci, Dept Med Parasitol, Abadan, Iran
Frank, Tahvi D.:
Columbia Univ Med Ctr, Vagelos Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA
Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.:
Manhi Hlth Res Ctr CISM, Dept TB, Manhica, Mozambique
Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, Viral & Bacterial Infect Res Program, Barcelona, Spain
Garcia-Calavaro, Christian:
Univ Santiago Chile, Sch Publ Hlth, Programa Ctr Salud Publ, Santiago, Chile
Garg, Tushar:
King Edward Mem Hosp, Dept Radiol, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle:
Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
Ghadiri, Keyghobad:
Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Infect Dis Res Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran
Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Pediat Dept, Kermanshah, Iran
Ghashghaee, Ahmad:
Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Iran Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Tehran, Iran
Golechha, Mahaveer:
Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Gandhinagar, India
Goodridge, Amador:
Inst Sci Res & High Technol Serv, TB Biomarker Res Unit, City Of Knowledge, Panama
Gupta, Bhawna:
Torrens Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Gupta, Sapna:
Shriram Inst Ind Res, Toxicol Dept, Delhi, India
Gupta, Veer Bala:
Deakin Univ, Sch Med, Geelong, Vic, Australia
Gupta, Vivek Kumar:
Macquarie Univ, Dept Clin Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Haider, Mohammad Rifat:
Ohio Univ, Dept Social & Publ Hlth, Athens, OH USA
Hamidi, Samer:
Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart Univ, Sch Hlth & Environm Studies, Dubai, U Arab Emirates
Hanif, Asif:
Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan
Haque, Shafiul:
Jazan Univ, Res & Sci Studies Unit, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Harapan, Harapan:
Univ Syiah Kuala Syiah Kuala Univ, Med Res Unit, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Hargono, Arief:
Univ Airlangga, Dept Epidemiol, Surabaya, Indonesia
Hashi, Abdiwahab:
Jigjiga Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Jijiga, Ethiopia
Hassan, Shoaib:
Univ Bergen, Ctr Int Hlth CIH, Bergen, Norway
Univ Bergen, Bergen Ctr Eth & Prior Setting BCEPS, Bergen, Norway
Hassankhani, Hadi:
Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz, Iran
Hayat, Khezar:
Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Pharm Adm & Clin Pharm, Xian, Peoples R China
Hezam, Kamal:
Taiz Univ, Dept Appl Microbiol, Taizi, Yemen
Nankai Univ, Dept Microbiol, Tianjin, Peoples R China
Holla, Ramesh:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Mangalore, India
Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi:
Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Hostiuc, Mihaela:
Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Internal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania
Househ, Mowafa:
Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Doha, Qatar
Hussain, Rabia:
Univ Sci Malaysia, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, George Town, Malaysia
Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel:
Univ Ibadan, Dept Hlth Promot & Educ, Ibadan, Nigeria
Ilic, Irena M.:
Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia
Ilic, Milena D.:
Univ Kragujevac, Dept Epidemiol, Kragujevac, Serbia
Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah:
MAHSA Univ, Dept Clin Pharm, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
Itumalla, Ramaiah:
Univ Hail, Dept Hlth Management, Hail, Saudi Arabia
Jaafari, Jalil:
Guilan Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Rasht, Iran
Jacobsen, Kathryn H.:
George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA USA
Jain, Vardhmaan:
Cleveland Clin, Dept Internal Med, Cleveland, OH USA
Javanmardi, Fatemeh:
Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Burn & Wound Healing Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
Jayapal, Sathish Kumar:
Minist Hlth, Ctr Studies & Res, Muscat, Oman
Jayaram, Shubha:
Govt Med Coll, Dept Biochem, Mysuru, India
Jha, Ravi Prakash:
Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Delhi, India
Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Community Med, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Jonas, Jost B.:
Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany
Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China
Joseph, Nitin:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India
Joukar, Farahnaz:
Guilan Univ Med Sci, Gastrointestinal & Liver Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran
Guilan Univ Med Sci, Caspian Digest Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran
Kabir, Zubair:
Univ Coll Cork, Sch Publ Hlth, Cork, Ireland
Kamath, Ashwin:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Mangalore, India
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal, India
Kanchan, Tanuj:
All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Kandel, Himal:
Univ Sydney, Save Sight Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
South Eastern Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Sydney Eye Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Katoto, Patrick Dmc:
Catholic Univ Bukavu, Ctr Trop Dis & Global Hlth, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO
Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa
Kayode, Gbenga A.:
Int Res Ctr Excellence, Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
Univ Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands
Kendrick, Parkes J.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Kerbo, Amene Abebe:
Wolaita Sodo Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
Khajuria, Himanshu:
Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India
Khalilov, Rovshan:
Baku State Univ, Dept Biophys & Biochem, Baku, Azerbaijan
Moscow State Pedag Univ, Russian Inst Adv Study, Moscow, Russia
Khatab, Khaled:
Sheffield Hallam Univ, Fac Hlth & Wellbeing, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England
Ohio Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Zanesville, OH USA
Khoja, Abdullah T.:
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA
Khubchandani, Jagdish:
New Mexico State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Las Cruces, NM USA
Kim, Min Seo:
Samsung Adv Inst Hlth Sci & Technol SAIHST, Dept Genom & Digital Hlth, Seoul, South Korea
Minist Hlth & Welf, Publ Hlth Ctr, Wando, South Korea
Kim, Yun Jin:
Xiamen Univ Malaysia, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Sepang, Malaysia
Kisa, Adnan:
Kristiania Univ Coll, Sch Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway
Tulane Univ, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA USA
Kisa, Sezer:
Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway
Koul, Parvaiz A.:
Sheri Kashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar, India
Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane:
Kasturba Med Coll & Hosp, Udupi, India
Koyanagi A:
San Juan Dios Sanit Pk, Network Ctr Biomed Res Mental Hlth, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
Krishan, Kewal:
Panjab Univ, Dept Anthropol, Chandigarh, India
Bicer, Burcu Kucuk:
Gazi Univ, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey
Kumar, Avinash:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Jamshedpur, Bihar, India
Kumar, G. Anil:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Kumar, Nithin:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India
Medanta Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Kwarteng, Alexander:
Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana
Lal, Dharmesh Kumar:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
Landires, Ivan:
Inst Med Sci, Unit Genet & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama
Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Herrera, Panama
Lasrado, Savita:
Father Muller Med Coll, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Mangalore, India
Lee, Shaun Wen Huey:
Monash Univ, Sch Pharm, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
Taylors Univ, Sch Pharm, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
Lee, Wei-Chen:
Univ Texas Galveston, Off Hlth Policy & Legislat Affairs, Galveston, TX USA
Lin, Christine:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Liu, Xuefeng:
Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Lopukhov, Platon D.:
Polibin, Roman, V, Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia
Lozano, Rafael:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Machado, Daiane Borges:
Oswald Cruz Fdn FIOCRUZ, Ctr Integrat Data & Hlth Knowledge, Salvador, BA, Brazil
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Ctr Global Mental Hlth CGMH, London, England
Kunjathur, Shilpashree Madhava:
BGS Global Inst Med Sci, Dept Biochem, Bengaluru, India
Madi, Deepak:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Internal Med, Mangalore, India
Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Cleveland, OH USA
Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra:
Jawaharlal Inst Postgrad Med Educ & Res, Dept Community Med, Karaikal, India
Majeed, Azeem:
Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Malik, Ahmad Azam:
King Abdulaziz Univ, Rabigh Fac Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan
Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio:
Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Ceara, Caucaia, Brazil
Mehta, Saurabh:
Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
Memish, Ziad A.:
Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Minist Hlth, Res & Innovat Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Mendoza, Walter:
United Nations Populat Fund UNFPA, Peru Country Off, Lima, Peru
Menezes, Ritesh G.:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Forens Med Div, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Merie, Hayimro Edemealem:
Debre Markos Univ, Dept Stat, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
Mersha, Amanual Getnet:
Univ Newcastle, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Univ Gondar, Sch Med, Gondar, Ethiopia
Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal:
Univ Southern Calif, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA
Menoufia Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Shibin Al Kawm, Egypt
Mestrovic, Tomislav:
Dr Zora Profozic Polyclin, Clin Microbiol & Parasitol Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
Univ North, Univ Ctr Varazdin, Varazhdin, Croatia
Mheidly, Nour Mheidly:
Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Dept Commun & Journalism, Barcelona, Spain
Misra, Sanjeev:
All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Surg Oncol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Mithra, Prasanna:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India
Moghadaszadeh, Masoud:
Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Mol Med Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
Mohammadi, Mokhtar:
Lebanese French Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Erbil, Iraq
Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah:
Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahrekord, Iran
Mohammed, Shafiu:
Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Community Med, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria
Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany
Molokhia, Mariam:
Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci & Med, London, England
Moni, Mohammad Ali:
Pabna Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Pabna, Bangladesh
Al Montasir, Ahmed:
TMSS Med Coll, Dept Med, Bogura, Bangladesh
Sofia Ismail Mem Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bogura, Bangladesh
Moore, Catrin E.:
Univ Oxford, Big Data Inst, Oxford, England
Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman:
Initiat Financing Hlth & Human Dev, Res & Analyt Dept, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Bioinsil Technol, Dept Res & Analyt, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Nair, Suma:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Govt Med Coll Trivandrum, Dept Pulm Med, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Hlth Act People, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Naqvi, Atta Abbas:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dept Pharm Practice, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Univ Sci, Discipline Social & Adm, George Town, Malaysia
Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha:
Govt Med Coll, Mysore Med Coll & Res Inst, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Nayak, Biswa Prakash:
Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India
Nazari, Javad:
Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Arak, Iran
Kandel, Sandhya Neupane:
Bupa Clemton Pk, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Nguyen, Trang Huyen:
Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Da Nang, Vietnam
Duy Tan Univ, Fac Med, Da Nang, Vietnam
Nixon, Molly R.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Nnaji, Chukwudi A.:
South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa
Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, Cape Town, South Africa
Ntsekhe, Mpiko:
Univ Cape Town, Div Cardiol, Cape Town, South Africa
Groote Schuur Hosp, Cardiac Clin, Cape Town, South Africa
Nunez-Samudio, Virginia:
Inst Med Sci, Unit Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama
Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Herrera, Panama
Oancea, Bogdan:
Univ Bucharest, Adm & Econ Sci Dept, Bucharest, Romania
Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade:
Univ Lagos, Dept Community Hlth & Primary Care, Idi Araba, Nigeria
Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA
Olagunju, Andrew T.:
McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Univ Lagos, Dept Psychiat, Lagos, Nigeria
Oren, Eyal:
San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA USA
Mahesh, P. A.:
Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Acad Hlth Educ &, Dept Resp Med, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan:
CSIR, Indian Inst Toxicol Res, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Kan, Fatemeh Pashazadeh:
Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran
Pattanshetty, Sanjay M.:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Hlth Policy, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Paudel, Rajan:
Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Publ Hlth, Kathmandu, Nepal
Paul, Pintu:
Jawahar Lal Nehru Univ, Ctr Study Reg Dev, New Delhi, India
Pawar, Shrikant:
Yale Univ, Dept Genet, New Haven, CT USA
Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino:
Ateneo Manila Univ, Ctr Res & Innovat, Pasig, Philippines
Yigit, V:
Suleyman Demirel Univ, Dept Hlth Management, Isparta, Turkey
Perico, Norberto:
Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Bergamo, Italy
Pirestani, Majid:
Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Parasitol & Entomol, Tehran, Iran
Postma, Maarten J.:
Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Univ Groningen, Sch Econ & Business, Groningen, Netherlands
Pourshams, Akram:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Digest Dis Res Inst, Tehran, Iran
Prashant, Akila:
Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Univ, Dept Biochem, Mysuru, India
Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga:
Muhammadiyah Univ Surakarta, Hlth Sci Dept, Sukoharjo, Indonesia
Radfar, Amir:
Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL USA
Rafiei, Alireza:
Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Sari, Iran
Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Mol & Cell Biol Res Ctr, Sari, Iran
Rahim, Fakher:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Metabol & Genom Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Res Ctr, Ahvaz, Iran
Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Rahman, Mahfuzar:
Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Rahman, Mosiur:
Pure Earth, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Rahmani, Amir Masoud:
Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Future Technol Res Ctr, Touliu, Yunlin, Taiwan
Ranasinghe, Priyanga:
Univ Colombo, Dept Pharmacol, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Rao, Chythra R.:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Manipal 277, Karnataka, India
Rawaf, David Laith:
Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England
Univ Coll Hosp, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr NIHR BRC, London, England
Rawaf, Salman:
Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
Publ Hlth England, Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England
Reitsma, Marissa B.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Remuzzi, Giuseppe:
Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Bergamo, Italy
Renzaho, Andre M. N.:
Western Sydney Univ, Sch Med, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
Reta, Melese Abate:
Woldia Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci, Woldia, Ethiopia
Univ Pretoria, Dept Med Microbiol, Pretoria, South Africa
Rezaei, Nima:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran
Universal Sci Educ & Res Network USERN, Network Immun Infect Malignancy & Autoimmun NIIMA, Tehran, Iran
Rezahosseini, Omid:
Univ Copenhagen, Dept Infect Dis, Copenhagen, Denmark
Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh:
Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Pediat Infect Dis Res Ctr, Sari, Iran
Rezapour, Aziz:
Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Roshandel, Gholamreza:
Golestan Univ Med Sci, Golestan Res Ctr Gastroenterol & Hepatol GRCGH, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
Roshchin, Denis O.:
Semashko Natl Res Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Lifestyle Res & Publ Hlth, Moscow, Russia
Sabour, Siamak:
Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran
Saif-Ur-Rahman, K. M.:
Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Hlth Syst & Populat Studies Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Nagoya Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Salam, Nasir:
Cent Univ Punjab, Dept Microbiol, Bathinda, India
Kafil, Hossein Samadi:
Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Drug Appl Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
Samaei, Mehrnoosh:
Brown Univ, Emergency Dept, Providence, RI USA
Samy, Abdallah M.:
Ain Shams Univ, Dept Entomol, Cairo, Egypt
Saroshe, Satish:
Mahatma Gandhi Mem Med Coll, Dept Community Med, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Sartorius, Benn:
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England
Sathian, Brijesh:
Hamad Med Corp, Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept, Doha, Qatar
Bournemouth Univ, Fac Hlth & Social Sci, Bournemouth, Dorset, England
Sawyer, Susan M.:
Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Parkville, Vic, Australia
Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Adolescent Hlth, Parkville, Vic, Australia
Senthilkumaran, Subramanian:
Manian Med Ctr, Emergency Dept, Erode, India
Seylani, Allen:
NHLBI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA
Shafaat, Omid:
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA
Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Radiol & Intervent Neuroradiol, Esfahan, Iran
Sharafi, Kiomars:
Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Environm Determinants Hlth, Kermanshah, Iran
Shetty, Ranjitha S.:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Manipal 277, Karnataka, India
Shigematsu, Mika:
Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan
Shin, Jae Il:
Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea
Silva, Joao Pedro:
Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal
Singh, Jitendra Kumar:
Tribhuvan Univ, Dept Community Med & Publ Hlth, Janakpur, Nepal
Sinha, Smriti:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Anaesthesiol, Mangalore, India
Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich:
Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia
Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna:
Balashiha Cent Hosp, Therapeut Dept, Balashikha, Russia
Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.:
Int Med Univ, Div Community Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Steiropoulos, Paschalis:
Democritus Univ Thrace, Dept Med, Alexandroupolis, Greece
Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale:
Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Community Med, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria
Tabuchi, Takahiro:
Osaka Int Canc Inst, Canc Control Ctr, Osaka, Japan
Tadesse, Eyayou Girma:
Arba Minch Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Tamir, Zemenu:
Addis Ababa Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang:
Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Populat & Behav Sci, Ho, Ghana
HIV Hlth Promot Div, HIV AIDS Prevent Res Network, Kumba, Cameroon
Tekalegn, Yohannes:
Madda Walabu Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
Tesfay, Fisaha Haile:
Mekelle Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Sch Pharm, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Flinders Univ S Australia, Southgate Inst Hlth & Soc, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Tessema, Belay:
Univ Gondar, Dept Med Microbiol, Gondar, Ethiopia
Thapar, Rekha:
Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India
Tleyjeh, Imad I.:
King Fahad Med City, Dept Med Specialties Infect Dis Sect, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Mayo Clin, Div Infect Dis, Rochester, MN USA
Mayo Clin, Dept Epidemiol, Rochester, NY USA
Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan:
Natl Inst Populat & Social Secur Res, Dept Social Secur Empir Res, Tokyo, Japan
Bach Xuan Tran:
Hanoi Med Univ, Dept Hlth Econ, Hanoi, Vietnam
Tsegaye, Berhan:
Hawassa Univ, Sch Midwifery, Hawassa, Ethiopia
Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie:
Bahir Dar Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Ullah, Anayat:
Natl Univ Med Sci NUMS, Multidisciplinary Dept, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David:
Alex Ekwueme Fed Univ Teaching Hosp Abakaliki, Dept Community Med, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan:
Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Microbiol, Tehran, Iran
Bay Vo:
Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol HUTECH, Fac Informat Technol, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Giang Thu Vu:
Nguyen Tat Thanh Univ, Ctr Excellence Behav Med, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Waheed, Yasir:
Fdn Univ Islamabad, Fdn Univ Med Coll, Islamabad, Pakistan
Walters, Magdalene K.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Whisnant, Joanna L.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew:
Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Natl Data Management Ctr Hlth NDMC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse:
Univ Newcastle, Res Ctr Generat Hlth & Ageing, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Mekelle Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Sch Pharm, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh:
Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
Yazie, Taklo Simeneh Yazie:
Debre Tabor Univ, Dept Pharm, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Yeshaw, Yigizie:
Univ Gondar, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gondar, Ethiopia
Yi, Siyan:
Natl Univ Singapore, Saw Swee Hock Sch Publ Hlth, Singapore, Singapore
Khana Ctr Populat Hlth Res, KHANA, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Yonemoto, Naohiro:
Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmacol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
Juntendo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan
Yu, Chuanhua:
Wuhan Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Peoples R China
Yunusa, Ismaeel:
Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Univ South Carolina, Dept Clin Pharm & Outcomes Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich:
Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Lab Genet & Genom, Moscow, Russia
Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Addictol Dept, Moscow, Russia
Zastrozhina, Anasthasia:
Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Pediat Dept, Moscow, Russia
Zhang, Zhi-Jiang:
Wuhan Univ, Sch Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China
Zumla, Alimuddin:
Univ Coll Hosp, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr NIHR BRC, London, England
UCL, Dept Infect, London, England
Mokdad, Ali H.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Salomon, Joshua A.:
Stanford Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Stanford Univ, Ctr Primary Care & Outcomes Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Jr, Robert C. Reiner:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Lim, Stephen S.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Naghavi, Mohsen:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Vos, Theo:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Murray, Christopher J. L.:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe:
Bhattacharjee, Natalia, V Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Hay, Simon, I , Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Green Published, hybrid
|