Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Por:
Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Barber, Ryan M., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Dandona, Lalit, Gething, Peter W., Hay, Simon I., Kinfu, Yohannes, Larson, Heidi J., Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S., Lopez, Alan D., Lozano, Rafael, Mensah, George A., Mokdad, Ali H., Naghavi, Mohsen, Pinho, Christine, Salomon, Joshua A., Steiner, Caitlyn, Vos, Theo, Wang, Haidong, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdallat, Mahmud A., Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E., Achoki, Tom, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adou, Arsene Kouablan, Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko, Agarwal, Arnav, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ajala, Oluremi N., Akinyemiju, Tomi F., Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K. M., Alasfoor, Deena, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Aldridge, Robert William, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, Francois, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Andersen, Hjalte H., Anderson, Gregory M., Antoine, Rose Mayerline, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Arnlov, Johan, Arora, Megha, Arsenijevic, Valentina S. Arsic, Al Artaman, Asayesh, Hamid, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C., Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Barnighausen, Till, Basu, Sanjay, Bayou, Tigist Assefa, Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, NeerajHaidong Wang, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L., Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabe, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Abdulhak, Aref A., Biroscak, Brian J., Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bjertness, Espen, Blore, Jed D., Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Brugha, Traolach S., Butt, Zahid A., Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Cardenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C., Castaneda-Oquela, Carlos A., Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catala-Lopez, Ferran, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Chang, Jung -Chen, Chavan, Laxmikant, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Coates, Matthew M., Coggeshall, Megan, Colistro, Valentina, Colquhoun, Samantha M., Cooper, Cyrus, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cortinovis, Monica, Dahiru, Tukur, Damasceno, Albertino, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Rakhi, Das Neves, Jose, De Leo, Diego, Dellavalle, Robert P., Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Jarlais, Don C. Des, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Dicker, Daniel J., Ding, Eric L., Dossou, Edem, Dubey, Manisha, Ebel, Beth E., Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Elyazar, Iqbal, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farid, Talha A., Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa, Faro, Andre, Farvid, Maryam S., Farzadfar, Farshad, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Joao C., Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph R. A., Fleming, Tom, Gt, Nataliya Fo, Franca, Elisabeth Barboza, Franklin, Richard C., Fraser, Maya S., Friedman, Joseph, Pullman, Nancy, Furst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D., Gambashidze, Ketevan, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gebre, Teshome, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gebremedhin, Mengistu, Gebru, Alemseged Aregay, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Gibney, Katherine B., Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Glaser, Elizabeth, Goenka, Shifalika, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goto, Atsushi, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vipin, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J., Hankey, Graeme J., Harb, Hilda L., Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Harun, Kimani M., Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hoek, Hans W., Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hoy, Damian G., Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, John J., Huybrechts, Inge, Huynh, Chantal, Iannarone, Marissa, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Idrisov, Bulat T., Iyer, Veena J., Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B., Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jibat, Tariku, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, Andre, Karletsos, Dimitris, Kasaeian, Amir, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kayibanda, Jeanne Francoise, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Kazi, Dhruv S., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Keren, Andre, Kereselidze, Maia, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khonelidze, Irma, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D., Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi A, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kudom, Andreas A., Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Kulkarni, Chanda, Kumar, G. Anil, Kutz, Michael J., Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lam, Hilton, Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector, Lan, Qing, Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Lipshultz, Steven E., Liu, Patrick Y., Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K., Lotufo, Paulo A., Lunevicius, Raimundas, Ma, Stefan, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mapoma, Chabila C., Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David Joel, Marquez, Neal, Masiye, Felix, Marzan, Melvin Barrientos, Mason-Jones, Amanda J., Mazorodze, Tasara T., Meaney, Peter A., Mehari, Alem, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mena-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Alemayehu B., Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memish, Ziad A., Mendoza, Walter, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Miller, Ted R., Mills, Edward J., Mirarefin, Mojde, Misganaw, Awoke, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mola, Glen Liddell D., Monasta, Lorenzo, Monis, Jonathan De la Cruz, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montanez, Montero, Pablo, Montico, Marcella, Mooney, Meghan D., Moore, Ami R., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Mueller, Ulrich, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Murthy, Srinivas, Nachega, Jean B., Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Nash, Denis, Neupane, Subas, Newton, John N., Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak, Nguhiu, Peter, Nguyen, Grant, Le Nguyen, Quyen, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Nomura, Marika, Norheim, Ole F., Norman, Rosana E., Nyakarahuka, Luke, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Ojelabi, Foluke Adetola, Olivares, Pedro R., Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ota, Erika, Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel, Pa, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda, Papantoniou, Nikolaos, Park, Eun-Kee, Park, Hye-Youn, Caicedo, Angel J. Paternina, Patten, Scott B., Paul, Vinod K., Pereira, David M., Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pillay, Julian David, Pishgar, Farhad, Polinder, Suzanne, Pope, Daniel, Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rangaswamy, Thara, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Refaat, Amany H., Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Violante, Francesco S. and GBD 2015 Maternal Mortality
Publicada:
8 oct 2016
Categoría:
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Resumen:
Background In transitioning from the Millennium Development Goal to the
Sustainable Development Goal era, it is imperative to comprehensively
assess progress toward reducing maternal mortality to identify areas of
success, remaining challenges, and frame policy discussions. We aimed to
quantify maternal mortality throughout the world by underlying cause and
age from 1990 to 2015.
Methods We estimated maternal mortality at the global, regional, and
national levels from 1990 to 2015 for ages 10-54 years by systematically
compiling and processing all available data sources from 186 of 195
countries and territories, 11 of which were analysed at the subnational
level. We quantified eight underlying causes of maternal death and four
timing categories, improving estimation methods since GBD 2013 for adult
all-cause mortality, HIV-related maternal mortality, and late maternal
death. Secondary analyses then allowed systematic examination of drivers
of trends, including the relation between maternal mortality and
coverage of specific reproductive health-care services as well as
assessment of observed versus expected maternal mortality as a function
of Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from
measures of income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility.
Findings Only ten countries achieved MDG 5, but 122 of 195 countries
have already met SDG 3.1. Geographical disparities widened between 1990
and 2015 and, in 2015, 24 countries still had a maternal mortality ratio
greater than 400. The proportion of all maternal deaths occurring in the
bottom two SDI quintiles, where haemorrhage is the dominant cause of
maternal death, increased from roughly 68% in 1990 to more than 80% in
2015. The middle SDI quintile improved the most from 1990 to 2015, but
also has the most complicated causal profile. Maternal mortality in the
highest SDI quintile is mostly due to other direct maternal disorders,
indirect maternal disorders, and abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and/or
miscarriage. Historical patterns suggest achievement of SDG 3.1 will
require 91% coverage of one antenatal care visit, 78% of four
antenatal care visits, 81% of in-facility delivery, and 87% of skilled
birth attendance.
Interpretation Several challenges to improving reproductive health lie
ahead in the SDG era. Countries should establish or renew systems for
collection and timely dissemination of health data; expand coverage and
improve quality of family planning services, including access to
contraception and safe abortion to address high adolescent fertility;
invest in improving health system capacity, including coverage of
routine reproductive health care and of more advanced obstetric
care-including EmOC; adapt health systems and data collection systems to
monitor and reverse the increase in indirect, other direct, and late
maternal deaths, especially in high SDI locations; and examine their own
performance with respect to their SDI level, using that information to
formulate strategies to improve performance and ensure optimum
reproductive health of their population.
Filiaciones:
Kassebaum, Nicholas J.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Barber, Ryan M.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.:
Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan
Hosp Sick Children, Ctr Global Child Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
Dandona, Lalit:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Gething, Peter W.:
Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford, England
Hay, Simon I.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Kinfu, Yohannes:
Univ Canberra, Fac Hlth, Ctr Res & Act Publ Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Larson, Heidi J.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England
Liang, Xiaofeng:
Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China
Lim, Stephen S.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Lopez, Alan D.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Mokdad, Ali H.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Naghavi, Mohsen:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Pinho, Christine:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Steiner, Caitlyn:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Vos, Theo:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Wang, Haidong:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Achoki, Tom:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi:
Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
Univ Coll Hosp, Ibadan, Nigeria
Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi:
Olabisi Onabanjo Univ, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
Adelekan, Ademola Lukman:
Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Publ Hlth Promot Alliance, Osogbo, Nigeria
Adou, Arsene Kouablan:
Assoc Ivoirienne Bien Etre Familial, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire
Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko:
Direct Dist Sanitaire Haho, Notse, Togo
Univ Lome, Fac Sci Sante, Lome, Togo
Agarwal, Arnav:
Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad:
Lund Univ, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Orthoped, Dept Clin Sci Lund, Lund, Sweden
Kerman Univ Med Sci, Inst Futures Studies Hlth, Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran
Ajala, Oluremi N.:
Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Mckeesport, PA USA
Akinyemiju, Tomi F.:
Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA
Akseer, Nadia:
Hosp Sick Children, Ctr Global Child Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
Al-Aly, Ziyad:
Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA
Alam, Khurshid:
Univ Melbourne, Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Alam, Noore K. M.:
Queensland Hlth, Herston, Qld, Australia
Alasfoor, Deena:
Minist Hlth, Al Khuwair, Oman
Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed:
King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
King Fahad Med City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Alhabib, Samia:
King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz Univ Hosp, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ali, Raghib:
Univ Oxford, Oxford, England
Alkerwi, Ala'a:
Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg
Alla, Francois:
Univ Lorraine, Sch Publ Hlth, Nancy, France
Al-Raddadi, Rajaa:
Minist Hlth, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Alsharif, Ubai:
Charite, Berlin, Germany
Martin, Elena Alvarez:
Minist Hlth Social Policy & Equal, Govt Delegat Natl Plan Drugs, Spanish Observ Drugs, Madrid, Spain
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson:
Univ Cartagena, Cartagena De Indias, Colombia
Amare, Azmeraw T.:
Univ Adelaide, Sch Med, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Bahir Dar Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Amberbir, Alemayehu:
Dignitas Int, Zomba, Malawi
Amegah, Adeladza Kofi:
Univ Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Ammar, Walid:
Minist Publ Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon
Amrock, Stephen Marc:
Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA
Andersen, Hjalte H.:
Aalborg Univ, Fac Med, Dept Hlth Sci & Technol, Ctr Sensory Motor Interact, Aalborg, Denmark
Anderson, Gregory M.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Antoine, Rose Mayerline:
Rose Fdn Haiti, Portau Au Prince, Haiti
Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.:
Univ Philippines, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines
Arnlov, Johan:
Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden
Dalarna Univ, Falun, Sweden
Arora, Megha:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Arsenijevic, Valentina S. Arsic:
Univ Belgrade, Sch Med, Inst Microbiol & Immunol, Belgrade, Serbia
Univ Childrens Hosp, Belgrade, Serbia
Al Artaman:
Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
Asayesh, Hamid:
Qom Univ Med Sci, Sch Paramed, Dept Emergency Med, Qom, Iran
Atique, Suleman:
Taipei Med Univ, Grad Inst Biomed Informat, Taipei, Taiwan
Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur:
Inst Rech Clin Benin, Cotonou, Benin
LERAS Afrique, Parakou, Benin
Awasthi, Ashish:
Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Inst Med Sci, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala:
La Trobe Univ, Judith Lumley Ctr Mother Infant & Family Hlth Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Peruvian Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru
Azzopardi, Peter:
Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, Wardliparingga Aboriginal Res Unit, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Bacha, Umar:
Univ Management & Technol, Sch Hlth Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
Badawi, Alaa:
Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada
Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
Bahit, Maria C.:
INECO Neurociencias, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
Balakrishnan, Kalpana:
Sri Ramachandra Univ, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Barac, Aleksandra:
Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia
Barker-Collo, Suzanne L.:
Univ Auckland, Sch Psychol, Auckland, New Zealand
Barnighausen, Till:
Africa Hlth Res Inst, Mtubatuba, South Africa
Heidelberg Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Heidelberg, Germany
Basu, Sanjay:
Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw:
Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad:
Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, 1621 E 120th St, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA
Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Kermanshah, Iran
Beardsley, Justin:
Univ Oxford, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Bedi, NeerajHaidong Wang:
Coll Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Bekele, Tolesa:
Madawalabu Univ, Bale Goba, Ethiopia
Bell, Michelle L.:
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA
Bennett, Derrick A.:
Univ Oxford, Oxford, England
Berhane, Adugnaw:
Debre Berhane Univ, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
Beyene, Addisu Shunu:
Haramaya Univ, Harar, Ethiopia
Bikbov, Boris:
Academician VI Shumakov Fed Res Ctr Transplantol, Dept Nephrol Issues Transplanted Kidney, Moscow, Russia
Bin Abdulhak, Aref A.:
Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
Biroscak, Brian J.:
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA
Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA
Biryukov, Stan:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Bisanzio, Donal:
Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England
Blore, Jed D.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Brainin, Michael:
Danube Univ Krems, Krems, Austria
Carter, Austin:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Casey, Daniel C.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Ciobanu, Liliana G.:
Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Coates, Matthew M.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Coggeshall, Megan:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Colquhoun, Samantha M.:
Univ Melbourne, Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Cooper, Cyrus:
Univ Oxford, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomed Res Ctr, Oxford, England
Dandona, Rakhi:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Deribew, Amare:
Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England
Dicker, Daniel J.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Dossou, Edem:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Ebel, Beth E.:
Univ Washington, Harborview Injury Prevent & Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA
Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino:
Univ Philippines, Coll Publ Hlth, Manila, Philippines
Dept Hlth, Manila, Philippines
Fischer, Florian:
Univ Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
Fleming, Tom:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Franca, Elisabeth Barboza:
Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Franklin, Richard C.:
James Cook Univ, Townsville, Qld, Australia
Fraser, Maya S.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Friedman, Joseph:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Furst, Thomas:
Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Futran, Neal D.:
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA USA
Gambashidze, Ketevan:
Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia
Gebre, Teshome:
Task Force Global Hlth, Decatur, GA USA
Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay:
Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Munich, Germany
Gebru, Alemseged Aregay:
Kilte Awlaelo Hlth & Demog Surveillance Syst, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Geleijnse, Johanna M.:
Wageningen Univ, Div Human Nutr, Wageningen, Netherlands
Gibney, Katherine B.:
Univ Melbourne, Peter Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Royal Melbourne Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Giroud, Maurice:
Univ Hosp Dijon, Dijon, France
Goenka, Shifalika:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Graetz, Nicholas:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa:
Kilte Awlaelo Hlth & Demog Surveillance Syst, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Hancock, Jamie:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Harb, Hilda L.:
Minist Publ Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon
Harun, Kimani M.:
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA USA
Hu, Guoqing:
Cent South Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Changsha, Peoples R China
Huang, John J.:
Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA
Huynh, Chantal:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Iannarone, Marissa:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Idrisov, Bulat T.:
Bashkir State Med Univ, Ufa, Russia
Boston Univ, Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA
Jeemon, Panniyammakal:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, Ctr Control Chron Condit, New Delhi, India
Jha, Vivekanand:
Univ Oxford, Oxford, England
Jibat, Tariku:
Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands
Kazanjan, Konstantin:
Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia
Kemmer, Laura:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Kemp, Andrew Haddon:
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Kereselidze, Maia:
Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia
Khonelidze, Irma:
Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia
Kudom, Andreas A.:
Univ Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Kulikoff, Xie Rachel:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Kumar, G. Anil:
Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Kutz, Michael J.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Larsson, Anders:
Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden
Leigh, James:
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Liu, Patrick Y.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Liu, Shiwei:
Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron & Noncommun Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China
Liu, Yang:
Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron & Noncommun Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China
Marquez, Neal:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Mekonnen, Alemayehu B.:
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Melaku, Yohannes Adama:
Univ Adelaide, Sch Med, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Meretoja, Atte:
Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Misganaw, Awoke:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Mohammed, Shafiu:
Heidelberg Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Heidelberg, Germany
Mooney, Meghan D.:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana:
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England
Ng, Marie:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Nguyen, Grant:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Nisar, Muhammad Imran:
Aga Khan Univ, Karachi, Pakistan
Ojelabi, Foluke Adetola:
Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Pain, Amanda:
Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA
Rahimi, Kazem:
Univ Oxford, Oxford, England
Violante, Francesco S.:
Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Green Published, Green Accepted, hybrid
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