Association between COVID-19 and subsequent depression diagnoses-A retrospective cohort study.
Por:
Smith L, Sánchez GFL, Konrad M, Veronese N, Soysal P, Koyanagi A, Kaur N and Kostev K
Publicada:
1 ago 2024
Ahead of Print:
8 jun 2024
Resumen:
BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and the cumulative incidence of depression and the potential role of sick leave in a large representative sample of German adults. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was based on the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) data. This study included individuals aged =16 years with a COVID-19 diagnosis in 1284 general practices in Germany between March 2020 and December 2021, and the propensity score matched cohort without COVID-19. Univariable Cox regression analysis assessed the association between COVID-19 and depression. RESULTS: The present study included 61,736 individuals with and 61,736 without COVID-19 (mean age 46.1 years; 49 % women). Patients visited their physicians about 4.3 times per year during the follow-up period. About 25.5 % of patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 in 2020 and 74.5 % in 2021. In this representative sample of German adults, COVID-19 infection was associated with a higher cumulative incidence of depression, and this cumulative incidence was greater in women than men. As compared with non-COVID-19, COVID-19 with =2 weeks sick leave duration was associated with 17 % higher depression risk (HR: 1.17; 95 % CI: 1.09-2.16), COVID-19 with >2-4 weeks sick leave duration with 37 % higher depression risk (HR: 1.37; 95 % CI: 1.11-1.69), and COVID-19 with >4 weeks sick leave duration with 2 times higher depression risk (HR: 2.00; 95 % CI: 1.45-2.76). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 sick leave was positively associated with a risk for depression, and the longer the duration of sick leave, the higher the cumulative incidence of depression.
Filiaciones:
Smith L:
Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
Sánchez GFL:
Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Konrad M:
FOM University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Veronese N:
Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Soysal P:
Department of geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
Koyanagi A:
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
Kaur N:
Epidemiology, IQVIA, Bangalore, India
Kostev K:
University Clinic of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Open Access
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