Serum Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) Levels Reflect Ischemic Etiology in Heart Failure Patients with Iron Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Por:
Tajes M, Ras-Jiménez MDM, Girona J, Ramos-Polo R, Guardiola M, García-Pinilla JM, Ribalta J, Cobo-Marcos M, Masana L, de Juan-Bagudá J, Fonseca C, Enjuanes C, Vazquez M, Comin-Colet J and Rodríguez-Calvo R
Publicada:
26 ago 2025
Ahead of Print:
26 ago 2025
Resumen:
Heart failure (HF), particularly of an ischemic etiology, is steadily increasing worldwide. Non-anemic iron deficiency (ID) is highly prevalent among HF patients, and it has been related to worse outcomes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has been related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease, HF and iron pathophysiology. Nevertheless, the specific potential role of GDF15 in HF patients with ID has not been fully explored. In this cross-sectional study we determined serum GDF15 levels in 60 HF patients with ID from the IRON-PATH II study. The discriminative capacity of GDF15 in logistic regression models for classifying these patients according to ischemic etiology was defined as the primary endpoint. Additionally, relationships between GDF15 levels and impaired right ventricle function, impaired functional capacity and HF were included as secondary endpoints. GDF15 was inversely related to tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and the six-minute walking test (6MWT), and positively related to hallmarks of HF [i.e., N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] and other molecules influenced by HF progression [i.e., creatinine and ferritin]. Moreover, GDF15 was inversely related to hemoglobin, suggesting a potential link to iron homeostasis. Furthermore, GDF15 showed good classification capacity and improved the accuracy of a logistic regression model for ischemic HF classification in patients with ID. Overall, the findings of this study propose serum GDF15 levels as a potential tool for the classification of HF patients with ID according to the ischemic etiology.
Filiaciones:
Tajes M:
Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Ras-Jiménez MDM:
Community Heart Failure Program, Cardiology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Girona J:
Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, "Sant Joan de Reus" University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Ramos-Polo R:
Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Community Heart Failure Program, Cardiology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Cardiology Department, Heart Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Guardiola M:
Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, "Sant Joan de Reus" University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
García-Pinilla JM:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Cardiology Department, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain
IBIMA-Platafrma BIONAND, 29590 Malaga, Spain
Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Universidad of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
Ribalta J:
Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, "Sant Joan de Reus" University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Cobo-Marcos M:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Cardiology Department, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain
Masana L:
Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, "Sant Joan de Reus" University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
de Juan-Bagudá J:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Cardiology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Fonseca C:
Heart Failure Clínic, S. Francisco Xavier Hospital, Department of Medicine, ULS Lisboa Ocidental, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
Enjuanes C:
Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Community Heart Failure Program, Cardiology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Cardiology Department, Heart Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Vazquez M:
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Comin-Colet J:
Bio-Heart Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Community Heart Failure Program, Cardiology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Cardiology Department, Heart Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
Rodríguez-Calvo R:
Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, University Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, "Sant Joan de Reus" University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Green Submitted, gold
|