Diagnostic delay in inherited metabolic diseases: Insights from the U-IMD registry


Por: Teinert J, Gleich F, Kozich V, Dionisi-Vici C, Bellusci M, Haas D, Ješina P, Martinelli D, Pérez-Mohand P, Burlina A, Rubert L, Couce ML, Debray FG, Roland D, Gaspar A, Mohnike K, Garbade SF, Scarpa M, Nassogne MC, Tangeraas T, Gasperini S, Garcia-Cazorla A, Mütze U and Kölker S

Publicada: 1 may 2026 Ahead of Print: 24 mar 2026
Resumen:
Purpose: Early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment have been shown to be crucial to improve clinical outcomes in individuals with inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs). However, comprehensive data on the diagnostic process and the potential diagnostic delay in IMDs are scarce. This study aims to systematically investigate the diagnostic process in IMDs. Methods: Data were obtained from the Unified European registry for Inherited Metabolic Diseases (U-IMD), the patient registry of the European Reference Network MetabERN. Results: Data were available for 3747 individuals with confirmed diagnosis of one of 345 IMDs. Median age at symptom onset was 120 days. The majority of participants were diagnosed after presenting with symptoms, median diagnostic delay in this group was 270 days, with 47.6% experiencing a diagnostic delay of at least 1 year. Diagnostic delay did not seem to have changed substantially within the last 2 decades in this cohort; however, it varied greatly among single IMDs and different IMD disease groups. Conclusion: Diagnostic delay and concomitantly delayed start of specific therapies is a significant risk of poor outcome for individuals with IMDs, highlighting the urgent need to expand newborn screening programs and to establish (ultra-)rapid genome sequencing in critically ill children. (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Filiaciones:
Teinert J:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Gleich F:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Kozich V:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University - First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Dionisi-Vici C:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Metabolic Diseases and Hepatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Bellusci M:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Reference Center for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders, Unidad Ciberer U723, Hospital U. 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

Haas D:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Ješina P:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University - First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Martinelli D:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Metabolic Diseases and Hepatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Pérez-Mohand P:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Reference Center for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders, Unidad Ciberer U723, Hospital U. 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

Burlina A:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases and Newborn Screening, University Hospital, Padova, Italy

Rubert L:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Malattie Metaboliche Ereditarie, Centro Regionale per lo Screening la Diagnosi e la Terapia delle malattie Metaboliche Ereditarie, Verona, Italy

Couce ML:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, RICORS-SAMID, Facultad de Medicina USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Debray FG:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Metabolic Unit, Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium

Roland D:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Centre des maladies héréditaires du métabolisme, Département de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Gosselies, Belgium

Gaspar A:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Unidade Local de Saúde de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal

Mohnike K:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Otto-von-Guericke-University Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany

Garbade SF:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Scarpa M:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy

Nassogne MC:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Neurologie Pédiatrique et Maladies héréditaires du Métabolisme, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

Tangeraas T:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Department of Newborn Screening, Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

Gasperini S:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy

Garcia-Cazorla A:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Inborn Errors of Metabolism Unit, Neurology Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBERER-ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain

Mütze U:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Kölker S:
 MetabERN, European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

 Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
ISSN: 10983600





GENETICS IN MEDICINE
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ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 28 Número: 5
Páginas: 102554-102554
WOS Id: 001755541100001
ID de PubMed: 41902654
imagen Green Submitted, Green Published, hybrid

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